Dafrinaldi, Dafrinaldi (2026) PENYELESAIAN TINDAK PIDANA PERSETUBUHAN ANTARA AYAH DAN ANAK MENURUT HUKUM ADAT MINANGKABAU (Studi Penelitian: Kerapatan Adat Nagari (KAN) Kecamatan Ranah Ampek Hulu). S2 thesis, Universitas Malikussaleh.

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Abstract

Keberadaan hukum adat diakui secara konstitusional melalui Pasal 18B ayat (2) Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Dalam masyarakat Minangkabau, hukum adat tetap berfungsi sebagai living law, termasuk dalam penyelesaian tindak pidana persetubuhan antara ayah dan anak yang dipandang sebagai pelanggaran adat berat. Perbuatan tersebut merupakan kejahatan terhadap anak yang wajib diproses berdasarkan hukum positif. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis mekanisme penyelesaian tindak pidana persetubuhan antara ayah dan anak menurut hukum adat Minangkabau di Kecamatan Ranah Ampek Hulu, dasar pertimbangan masyarakat adat, serta kesesuaiannya dengan hukum positif Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan metode yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan yuridis sosiologis, antropologi hukum, dan studi kasus. Data diperoleh melalui penelitian kepustakaan dan wawancara dengan Kerapatan Adat Nagari (KAN), ninik mamak, dan unsur adat lainnya, kemudian dianalisis secara preskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyelesaian dilakukan berdasarkan prinsip bajanjang naik, batanggo turun dan Adat Basandi Alua jo Patuik melalui tahapan keluarga, kaum, hingga Kerapatan Adat Nagari (KAN). Perbuatan tersebut dikategorikan sebagai pelanggaran adat berat (adat nan kawi) dengan sanksi berupa pencabutan hak-hak adat dan dibuang sepanjang adat. Penyelesaian adat didasarkan pada keberadaan hukum adat sebagai living law untuk menjaga marwah kaum, memulihkan keseimbangan sosial, dan mempertahankan nilai-nilai adat. Mekanisme tersebut selaras secara filosofis dan sosiologis dengan hukum positif Indonesia, tetapi tidak menggantikan proses peradilan pidana karena tindak pidana persetubuhan terhadap anak merupakan kejahatan yang menyangkut kepentingan publik. Penyelesaian menurut hukum adat Minangkabau merupakan bentuk pemulihan sosial yang bersifat komplementer terhadap sistem peradilan pidana nasional. Kata Kunci: Hukum Adat Minangkabau, Persetubuhan antara Ayah dan Anak, Kerapatan Adat Nagari, Perlindungan Anak, Living Law. The existence of customary law is constitutionally recognized under Article 18B paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Within Minangkabau society, customary law continues to function as a living law, including in the settlement of criminal acts of sexual intercourse between a father and his child, which are regarded as serious violations of customary law. Such acts also constitute crimes against children that must be prosecuted under Indonesia's positive law. This study aims to analyze the mechanism for resolving criminal acts of sexual intercourse between a father and his child under Minangkabau customary law in Ranah Ampek Hulu District, the considerations underlying the customary community's settlement process, and its conformity with Indonesia's positive law. This research employs an empirical juridical method using socio-legal, legal anthropology, and case study approaches. Data were collected through library research and interviews with the Kerapatan Adat Nagari (KAN), ninik mamak, and other elements of custom, and were analyzed using prescriptive methods. The findings reveal that dispute resolution is conducted based on the principles of bajanjang naik, batanggo turun and Adat Basandi Alua jo Patuik, progressing from the family and clan levels to the Kerapatan Adat Nagari (KAN). The act is classified as a serious customary violation (adat nan kawi), punishable by the revocation of customary rights and the sanction of dibuang sepanjang adat. The customary settlement mechanism is grounded in the existence of customary law as a living law to preserve the honor of the clan, restore social harmony, and maintain customary values. Philosophically and sociologically, this mechanism is consistent with Indonesia's positive law; however, it does not replace the national criminal justice process because sexual intercourse involving a child constitutes a crime affecting the public interest. Therefore, settlement under Minangkabau customary law serves as a form of social restoration that complements the national criminal justice system. Keywords: Minangkabau Customary Law, Sexual Intercourse between a Father and His Child, Kerapatan Adat Nagari, Child Protection, Living Law.

Item Type:	Thesis (S2)
Subjects:	K Law > K Law (General)
Divisions:	Pascasarjana > 74101 - Magister Hukum
Depositing User:	Dafrinaldi Dafrinaldi Dafrinaldi
Date Deposited:	07 Sep 2026 08:59
Last Modified:	07 Sep 2026 08:59
URI:	https://rama.unimal.ac.id/id/eprint/22289

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