ZIKRA, RISYAD (2026) KARAKTERISTIK EFEK SAMPING OBAT ANTI TUBERKULOSIS (OAT) PADA PASIEN TB ANAK DI RS CUT MEUTIA ACEH UTARA. S1 thesis, universitas malikussaleh.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Tuberkulosis (TB) pada anak masih menjadi masalah kesehatan yang signifikan, terutama terkait munculnya efek samping obat anti tuberkulosis (OAT) yang dapat mempengaruhi keberhasilan terapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien TB anak yang mengalami efek samping OAT, mengidentifikasi jenis efek samping, serta mendeskripsikan derajat keparahannya di RSUD Cut Meutia Aceh Utara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional, menggunakan data pasien TB anak yang menjalani terapi OAT melalui rekam medis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden berada pada kelompok usia tertentu dengan dominasi jenis kelamin perempuan, serta mayoritas memiliki status gizi tertentu dan riwayat imunisasi BCG. Jenis efek samping yang paling sering dilaporkan adalah mual (sekitar >30%), diikuti muntah, penurunan nafsu makan, dan nyeri perut. Distribusi efek samping berdasarkan jenis kelamin menunjukkan bahwa pasien perempuan lebih banyak mengalami efek samping dibandingkan laki-laki. Berdasarkan derajat keparahan, sebagian besar efek samping termasuk kategori ringan (±70–80%), diikuti kategori sedang, dan hanya sebagian kecil yang tergolong berat. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah efek samping OAT pada pasien TB anak umumnya bersifat ringan dengan dominasi gejala gastrointestinal, sehingga diperlukan pemantauan yang optimal untuk mencegah gangguan kepatuhan dan meningkatkan keberhasilan pengobatan. Kata kunci: tuberkulosis anak, efek samping OAT, karakteristik pasien, derajat keparahan, terapi TB ABSTRACT Tuberculosis (TB) in children remains a significant public health problem, particularly due to adverse effects of anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATDs) that may affect treatment success. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of pediatric TB patients experiencing ATD adverse effects, identify the types of adverse effects, and describe their severity at Cut Meutia Regional General Hospital, North Aceh. This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach using data from pediatric TB patients undergoing ATD therapy obtained from medical records. The results showed that most respondents were within a certain age group, with a predominance of female patients, and the majority had specific nutritional status and BCG immunization history. The most commonly reported adverse effects were nausea (approximately >30%), followed by vomiting, loss of appetite, and abdominal pain. Based on sex distribution, adverse effects were more frequently observed in females than males. In terms of severity, most adverse effects were classified as mild (approximately 70–80%), followed by moderate, while only a small proportion were severe. In conclusion, adverse effects of ATDs in pediatric TB patients are generally mild with a predominance of gastrointestinal symptoms, highlighting the importance of regular monitoring to prevent non-adherence and improve treatment outcomes. Keywords: pediatric tuberculosis, adverse effects, patient characteristics, severity, anti-tuberculosis drugs

Item Type:	Thesis (S1)
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Divisions:	Fakultas Kedokteran > 11201 - Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter
Depositing User:	Risyad Zikra Zikra
Date Deposited:	11 Jun 2026 08:17
Last Modified:	11 Jun 2026 08:17
URI:	https://rama.unimal.ac.id/id/eprint/20035

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